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Reasoning 2 · Non-Verbal Reasoning

SOF IMO · Class 8

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LOGICAL REASONING · TOPIC 2

Non-Verbal Reasoning 🖼️

Non-verbal questions have no words to read, so they are the fastest marks in the paper once you know what to look at. Every one of them is a hunt for a single rule.

➡️

Part 1 · Series

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Part 2 · Mirrors

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Part 3 · Folding

1

Figure series ➡️

Ask three questions of the row, in this order.

➡️ The three questions

1

Is it turning? Pick one corner or point and follow it. A quarter turn is 90°, a half turn 180°.

2

Is something being added or removed? Count the dots, lines or sides in each step.

3

Is something swapping? Shading, inside and outside, or the order of two parts.

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Deal with one change at a time. If a figure both turns and gains a dot, first throw out every option facing the wrong way, then count dots among those that are left. Two easy checks beat one hard one.

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Game 1 — What Comes Next?

2

Mirror and water images 🪞

A mirror image flips left and right. A water image flips top and bottom.

🪞 How to check one

1

A mirror on the right or left swaps left with right; up and down stay put.

2

A mirror below (a water image) swaps up with down; left and right stay put.

3

In a mirror image of a word the order of the letters reverses as well as each letter flipping.

🔤

Some letters do not change at all. In a left–right mirror: A H I M O T U V W X Y look exactly the same. In a water image: B C D E H I K O X look the same. So MUM and TOOT read the same in a mirror.

⚠️

A mirror image is not a rotation. Turning a figure round can never produce its mirror image — that is exactly what the wrong options in these questions are.

🪞

Game 2 — Find the Mirror Image

3

Paper folding and counting 📄

Unfold the paper in your head, one fold at a time, backwards.

📄 Unfolding a punched sheet

1

Every fold acts as a mirror line. Each hole reappears on the other side of that line, the same distance away.

2

Undo the folds in the reverse order to the one they were made in.

3

One fold doubles the holes; two folds make four; three folds make eight.

🔢

Counting figures. A 2 × 2 grid of small squares holds 5 squares in all — four small ones and the big one. A 3 × 3 grid holds 14: nine small, four made of 2 × 2, and one whole. Count by size, smallest first.

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Game 3 — Unfold the Paper

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Game 4 — Extra Practice · 12 More Questions

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Topic Mock Test

12 Olympiad questions on figures, mirrors and folding. 🍀

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