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Chapter 1 · Patterns & Classification

IMO Maths · Class 5

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TOPIC 1 OF 14 · LOGICAL REASONING

Patterns, Analogy & Classification 🧩

A pattern is a secret rule 🔍. Once you find the rule, you can tell what comes next — every single time. This is the very first section of the IMO paper, and it is the one where a sharp eye beats hard calculation.

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Part 1 · Number Patterns

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Part 2 · Shape Patterns

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Part 3 · Analogy

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Part 4 · Classification

1

Number Patterns 🔢

Never guess. Follow these three steps and the answer appears by itself.

1️⃣

Find the gap

Write the jump between each pair of numbers underneath.

2️⃣

Check every gap

The rule must work for all the numbers, not just the first two.

3️⃣

Apply it once more

Use the rule on the last number to get your answer.

🧠 Patterns that come again and again

Learn to recognise these six families at a glance.

📘 Solved for you, step by step

Try it yourself first. Then tap to check each step.

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Game 1 — What Comes Next?

2

Shape & Picture Patterns 🔺

Pictures repeat in groups. Find where the group starts again and you have cracked it.

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Trick: mark the repeating group with your finger — 🔴🔵 | 🔴🔵 | 🔴… Now count how many items are in one group. If the group has 2 items, then item number 1, 3, 5, 7 are all the same!

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Game 2 — Complete the Pattern

3

Analogy ⚖️

An analogy is a matching pair. It is written like this:

4 : 8  ::  7 : ?

: means "is to"   •   :: means "as"

Read it as: "4 is to 8 as 7 is to what?"  First find what happened on the left (4 was doubled to make 8). Then do the same thing on the right → 7 × 2 = 14.

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Game 3 — Complete the Analogy

4

Classification 🗂️

In a classification question, three things share one property and the fourth does not. Ask yourself: "What do most of them have in common?"

Useful properties: even / odd · multiples · perfect squares · prime numbers · number of sides · flat (2D) or solid (3D).

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Game 4 — Odd One Out

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Game 5 — Flat or Solid?

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Chapter 1 Mock Test

12 IMO-style questions. Use rough paper — write the gaps under the numbers before you choose! 🍀

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