You know four kinds of nouns already. This year you meet the fifth — for things you can feel but never touch. And pronouns get two new members: ones that point back at the subject, and ones that link two sentences into one.
Common, proper, collective and material nouns all name something you could point at. An abstract noun names a feeling, a quality or an idea — something you cannot touch, see or hold.
You cannot touch any of these
honesty · courage · kindness · freedom · friendship · joy
Now you know all five kinds: common, proper, collective, material and abstract. Every noun in English belongs to at least one of these families.
A reflexive pronoun points the action back at the subject — the doer and the receiver are the same person.
myself · yourself · himself · herself · itself · ourselves · yourselves · themselves
"She hurt herself while cooking." — the person hurt is the same person cooking.
A relative pronoun joins two ideas about the SAME noun into one sentence, instead of two short ones.
| Word | Used for |
|---|---|
| who | a person (as the subject) |
| whom | a person (as the object) |
| whose | showing possession |
| which | a thing or an animal |
| that | a person or thing (informal) |
12 IEO-style questions on nouns and pronouns. 🍀